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厌氧消化 1

市政污泥 1

污泥处理 1

热水解 1

真菌发酵 1

菌丝纤维 1

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Effects of

Yuping ZHANG, Yanfei ZHOU, Xingxu ZHANG, Tingyu DUAN, Zhibiao NAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 148-158 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017195

摘要： Fungal endophytes of some cultivated grasses can increase plant performance and competitive abilities, especially under stress. Far less is known about the influence of infections in wild populations of wild grasses. In this study, plants of three ecotypes (WLS, QY and WTS) either infected with endophyte (E+) or uninfected (E–) were grown in the field. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and concentrations of H O and malondialdehyde were examined in the leaves of E+ and E– plants. We also determined photosynthesis parameters, leaf blade and sheath carbohydrate concentration and plant growth parameters of both E+ and E– plants. E+ plants from the WLS and QY populations had significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic capability ( <0.05), superior growth characteristics including more abundant carbohydrate concentration than E– plants. In contrast, in plants from the WTS population, the endophyte had no significant effect on reactive oxygen species scavenging capability and growth performance ( >0.05), and even displayed some negative effects on plant photosynthetic capability. Thus, endophyte infection significantly affected antioxidant enzyme activities ( <0.05), photosynthesis and growth capability, although, the effects varied with plant ecotypes.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes Elymus dahuricus Epichloë fungal endophyte photosynthesis

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Fungal diversity and its mechanism of community shaping in the milieu of sanitary landfill

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1370-6

摘要：

• Ascomycota was the predominant phylum in sanitary landfill fungal communities.

关键词： Sanitary landfill Fungal community Diversity Saprotroph Physical habitat Environmental factor

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Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 58-75 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0601-0

摘要：

With the increasing number of immunocompromised hosts, the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections have undergone enormous changes worldwide, including in China. In this paper, we reviewed the existing data on mycosis across China to summarize available epidemiological profiles. We found that the general incidence of superficial fungal infections in China has been stable, but the incidence of tinea capitis has decreased and the transmission route has changed. By contrast, the overall incidence of invasive fungal infections has continued to rise. The occurrence of candidemia caused by species other than and including some uncommon species has increased recently in China. Infections caused by have also propagated in recent years, particularly with the emergence of azole-resistant . An increasing trend of cryptococcosis has been noted in China, with var. ST 5 genotype isolates as the predominant pathogen. Retrospective studies have suggested that the epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia in China may be similar to those in other developing countries. Endemic fungal infections, such as sporotrichosis in Northeastern China, must arouse research, diagnostic, and treatment vigilance. Currently, the epidemiological data on mycosis in China are variable and fragmentary. Thus, a nationwide epidemiological research on fungal infections in China is an important need for improving the country’s health.

关键词： fungi infection epidemiology China

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Removal of dyes from wastewater by growing fungal pellets in a semi-continuous mode

Tao Lu, Qilei Zhang, Shanjing Yao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 338-345 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1644-0

摘要： To increase the efficiency of dye removal from wastewater using mycelial pellets, a bubble column reactor with a simple structure was designed and efficiently used to remove dyes from solution containing dyes. The mycelial pellets were prepared by marine fungus ZJUBE-1. Eight dyes were tested as dye targets for the adsorption capacity of mycelial pellets and good removal results were obtained. Eriochrome black T was selected as a model dye for characterizing the adsorption processes in detail. The measurement results of Zeta potential and FT-IR analysis indicate that the electrostatic attraction may play a key role in the biosorption process. The bubble column reactor was utilized to study the batch dye-removal efficiency of mycelial pellets. A re-culture process between every two batches, which was under non-sterile condition, successfully enhanced the utilization of mycelium biomass. The dye removal rate is 96.4% after 12 h in the first batch and then decreases slowly in the following batches. This semi-continuous mode, which consists of commutative processes of dye-removal and re-culture, has some outstanding advantages, such as low power consumption, easy operation, high dye removal rate, and efficient biomass utilization.

关键词： dye mycelial pellets marine fungus bubble column reactor semi-continuous biosorption

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Trophic mode and organics metabolic characteristic of fungal community in swine manure composting

Jing Peng, Ke Wang, Xiangbo Yin, Xiaoqing Yin, Mengfei Du, Yingzhi Gao, Philip Antwi, Nanqi Ren, Aijie Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1177-5

摘要： Fungal trophic modes and substrates utilization ability was observed in composting. Fungi had the higher diversity and more trophic types in thermophilic phase. Fungi had the higher metabolic potential in fresh swine manure and mature production. Redox potential, organics and moisture are main factors impacting fungal community. Composting reduced pathogenic fungi and enrich dung saprotroph fungi in swine manure. The succession of fungal community, trophic mode and metabolic characteristics were evaluated in 60 days composting of swine manure by high-throughput sequencing, FUNGuild and Biolog method, respectively. The result showed that the fungal community diversity reached to the highest level (76 OTUs) in the thermophilic phase of composting, then sustained decline to 15 OTUs after incubation. There were 10 fungal function groups in the raw swine manure. Pathotroph-saprotroph fungi reached to 15.91% on Day-10 but disappeared on Day-60. Dung saprotroph-undefined saprotroph fungi grown from 0.19% to 52.39% during the treatment. The fungal community had more functional groups but the lower substrate degradation rates in the thermophilic phase. The fungal communities on Day-0 and Day-60 had the highest degradation rates of amino acids and polymers, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that ORP (49.6%), VS/Ash (45.3%) and moisture (39.2%) were the main influence factors on the succession of fungal community in the swine manure composting process.

关键词： Fungus FUNGuild Biolog Trophic mode Composting Oxidation reduction potential

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Clinical risk score for invasive fungal diseases in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing

Ling Wang, Ying Wang, Jiong Hu, Yuqian Sun, He Huang, Jing Chen, Jianyong Li, Jun Ma, Juan Li, Yingmin Liang, Jianmin Wang, Yan Li, Kang Yu, Jianda Hu, Jie Jin, Chun Wang, Depei Wu, Yang Xiao, Xiaojun Huang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 365-377 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0641-0

摘要： Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies. In this study, we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish a training dataset ( =3500) by simple random sampling to develop a weighted risk score for proven or probable IFD through multivariate regression, which included the following variables: male patients, induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or relapsed disease, neutropenia, neutropenia longer than 10 days, hypoalbuminemia, central-venous catheter, and history of IFD. The patients were classified into three groups, which had low (0–10, ~1.2%), intermediate (11–15, 6.4%), and high risk (>15, 17.5%) of IFD. In the validation set ( =1389), the IFD incidences of the groups were ~1.4%, 5.0%, and 21.4%. In addition, we demonstrated that anti-fungal prophylaxis offered no benefits in low-risk patients, whereas benefits were documented in intermediate (2.1% vs. 6.6%, =0.007) and high-risk patients (8.4% vs. 23.3%, =0.007). To make the risk score applicable for clinical settings, a pre-chemo risk score that deleted all unpredictable factors before chemotherapy was established, and it confirmed that anti-fungal prophylaxis was beneficial in patients with intermediate and high risk of IFD. In conclusion, an objective, weighted risk score for IFD was developed, and it may be useful in guiding antifungal prophylaxis.

关键词： invasive fungal diseases hematological malignancies chemotherapy risk score prophylaxis

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市政污泥热水解—真菌发酵产菌丝纤维回收有机质资源的研究 Article

梁嘉晋, 李炳, 温磊, 李若泓, 李晓岩

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第2期页码 203-211 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.002

摘要：

市政污泥的处理已成为许多大城市的环境治理难题。本研究提出了基于热水解—真菌发酵—厌氧消化的三阶段精炼策略，旨在实现市政污泥的减量化和资源化。在市政污泥热水解处理中，当热水解温度由140 ℃升至180 ℃时，可以显著地提升市政污泥的减量效果和有机物的释放效率（p < 0.05）。市政污泥经过140 ℃、160 ℃和180 ℃两级热水解处理后，总挥发性固体（TVS）的去除率分别为36.6%、47.7%和58.5%，总有机碳（TOC）的溶解释放效率分别达到28.0%、38.0%和45.1%。在160 ℃下，污泥热水解上清液中的多糖和蛋白质的含量最为丰富，而在180 ℃时，由于在热水解过程中发生了美拉德反应，污泥热水解上清液的腐殖酸类物质的含量显著增加（p < 0.05）。采用黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）进行真菌发酵，可以将市政污泥热水解上清液中的有机物转化为高附加值的菌丝纤维。在140 ℃和160 ℃下，污泥热水解上清液经过真菌发酵后，菌丝纤维的生物量分别达到1.30 g·L^–1和1.27 g·L^–1，对应的有机物转化率为24.6%和24.0%。从污泥热水解上清液真菌中回收的菌丝纤维可以用于生产纸基材料等高附加值产品。菌丝纤维纸结构致密，具有较好的力学性能，抗张强度可以达到10.75 N·m·g^–1。在160 ℃下，污泥热水解上清液经真菌发酵耦合厌氧消化两级生物处理，能将热水解上清液超过75%的有机物进行综合利用以回收菌丝纤维和沼气。

关键词：市政污泥热水解真菌发酵菌丝纤维厌氧消化污泥处理